最近的工作表明了计算机视觉应用的变压器的潜力。第一图像首先分区，然后将其用作注意机制的输入令牌。由于注意机构的昂贵二次成本，使用大的贴片尺寸，导致粗糙的全局相互作用，或者，替代地，仅在图像的局部区域上施加注意力，以牺牲远程相互作用为代价。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种方法，该方法允许在视觉变压器的早期层上允许粗糙的全局相互作用和细粒局部相互作用。在我们的方法的核心，是应用本地和全球注意层的应用。在本地注意层中，我们对每个补丁及其本地移位进行注意，导致几乎位于本地补丁，这些修补程序不绑定到单个特定位置。然后在全球注意层中使用这些实际的补丁。注意层进入本地和全局对应物的分离允许在贴片的数量中进行低计算成本，同时仍然支持已经在第一层处的数据相关的本地化，而不是其他可视变压器中的静态定位。我们的方法被证明优于基于卷积和变压器的图像分类方法，用于CIFAR10，CIFAR100和Imagenet。代码可在：https://github.com/shellysheynin/locally-sag-transformer。

语音情感转换是修改语音话语的感知情绪的任务，同时保留词汇内容和扬声器身份。在这项研究中，我们将情感转换问题作为口语翻译任务。我们将演讲分解为离散和解散的学习表现，包括内容单位，F0，扬声器和情感。首先，我们通过将内容单元转换为目标情绪来修改语音内容，然后基于这些单元预测韵律特征。最后，通过将预测的表示馈送到神经声码器中来生成语音波形。这样的范式允许我们超越信号的光谱和参数变化，以及模型非口头发声，例如笑声插入，打开拆除等。我们客观地和主观地展示所提出的方法在基础上优于基线感知情绪和音频质量。我们严格评估了这种复杂系统的所有组成部分，并通过广泛的模型分析和消融研究结束，以更好地强调建议方法的建筑选择，优势和弱点。示例和代码将在以下链接下公开使用：https://speechbot.github.io/emotion。

本文是对解决平滑（强）单调随机变化不平等的方法的调查。首先，我们给出了随机方法最终发展的确定性基础。然后，我们回顾了通用随机配方的方法，并查看有限的总和设置。本文的最后部分致力于各种算法的各种（不一定是随机）的变化不平等现象。

最近，“ SP”（随机Polyak步长）方法已成为一种竞争自适应方法，用于设置SGD的步骤尺寸。SP可以解释为专门针对插值模型的方法，因为它求解了插值方程。SP通过使用模型的局部线性化来求解这些方程。我们进一步迈出一步，并开发一种解决模型局部二阶近似的插值方程的方法。我们最终的方法SP2使用Hessian-Vector产品来加快SP的收敛性。此外，在二阶方法中，SP2的设计绝不依赖于正定的Hessian矩阵或目标函数的凸度。我们显示SP2在矩阵完成，非凸测试问题和逻辑回归方面非常有竞争力。我们还提供了关于Quadratics总和的融合理论。

我们调查随机镜面下降（SMD）的趋同相对光滑和平滑凸优化。在相对平滑的凸优化中，我们为SMD提供了新的收敛保证，并持续步骤。对于平滑的凸优化，我们提出了一种新的自适应步骤方案 - 镜子随机Polyak Spectize（MSP）。值得注意的是，我们的收敛导致两个设置都不会使有界渐变假设或有界方差假设，并且我们向邻域显示在插值下消失的邻居的融合。MSP概括了最近提出的随机Polyak Spectize（SPS）（Loizou等，2021）以镜子血液镜子，并且在继承镜子血清的好处的同时，现代机器学习应用仍然是实用和高效的。我们将我们的结果与各种监督的学习任务和SMD的不同实例相结合，展示了MSP的有效性。

A Digital Twin (DT) is a simulation of a physical system that provides information to make decisions that add economic, social or commercial value. The behaviour of a physical system changes over time, a DT must therefore be continually updated with data from the physical systems to reflect its changing behaviour. For resource-constrained systems, updating a DT is non-trivial because of challenges such as on-board learning and the off-board data transfer. This paper presents a framework for updating data-driven DTs of resource-constrained systems geared towards system health monitoring. The proposed solution consists of: (1) an on-board system running a light-weight DT allowing the prioritisation and parsimonious transfer of data generated by the physical system; and (2) off-board robust updating of the DT and detection of anomalous behaviours. Two case studies are considered using a production gas turbine engine system to demonstrate the digital representation accuracy for real-world, time-varying physical systems.

Deep neural networks (DNN) have outstanding performance in various applications. Despite numerous efforts of the research community, out-of-distribution (OOD) samples remain significant limitation of DNN classifiers. The ability to identify previously unseen inputs as novel is crucial in safety-critical applications such as self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles and robots. Existing approaches to detect OOD samples treat a DNN as a black box and assess the confidence score of the output predictions. Unfortunately, this method frequently fails, because DNN are not trained to reduce their confidence for OOD inputs. In this work, we introduce a novel method for OOD detection. Our method is motivated by theoretical analysis of neuron activation patterns (NAP) in ReLU based architectures. The proposed method does not introduce high computational workload due to the binary representation of the activation patterns extracted from convolutional layers. The extensive empirical evaluation proves its high performance on various DNN architectures and seven image datasets. ion.

Recent advances in upper limb prostheses have led to significant improvements in the number of movements provided by the robotic limb. However, the method for controlling multiple degrees of freedom via user-generated signals remains challenging. To address this issue, various machine learning controllers have been developed to better predict movement intent. As these controllers become more intelligent and take on more autonomy in the system, the traditional approach of representing the human-machine interface as a human controlling a tool becomes limiting. One possible approach to improve the understanding of these interfaces is to model them as collaborative, multi-agent systems through the lens of joint action. The field of joint action has been commonly applied to two human partners who are trying to work jointly together to achieve a task, such as singing or moving a table together, by effecting coordinated change in their shared environment. In this work, we compare different prosthesis controllers (proportional electromyography with sequential switching, pattern recognition, and adaptive switching) in terms of how they present the hallmarks of joint action. The results of the comparison lead to a new perspective for understanding how existing myoelectric systems relate to each other, along with recommendations for how to improve these systems by increasing the collaborative communication between each partner.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great potential in the field of graph representation learning. Standard GNNs define a local message-passing mechanism which propagates information over the whole graph domain by stacking multiple layers. This paradigm suffers from two major limitations, over-squashing and poor long-range dependencies, that can be solved using global attention but significantly increases the computational cost to quadratic complexity. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to overcome these structural limitations by leveraging the ViT/MLP-Mixer architectures introduced in computer vision. We introduce a new class of GNNs, called Graph MLP-Mixer, that holds three key properties. First, they capture long-range dependency and mitigate the issue of over-squashing as demonstrated on the Long Range Graph Benchmark (LRGB) and the TreeNeighbourMatch datasets. Second, they offer better speed and memory efficiency with a complexity linear to the number of nodes and edges, surpassing the related Graph Transformer and expressive GNN models. Third, they show high expressivity in terms of graph isomorphism as they can distinguish at least 3-WL non-isomorphic graphs. We test our architecture on 4 simulated datasets and 7 real-world benchmarks, and show highly competitive results on all of them.

In recent years, the exponential proliferation of smart devices with their intelligent applications poses severe challenges on conventional cellular networks. Such challenges can be potentially overcome by integrating communication, computing, caching, and control (i4C) technologies. In this survey, we first give a snapshot of different aspects of the i4C, comprising background, motivation, leading technological enablers, potential applications, and use cases. Next, we describe different models of communication, computing, caching, and control (4C) to lay the foundation of the integration approach. We review current state-of-the-art research efforts related to the i4C, focusing on recent trends of both conventional and artificial intelligence (AI)-based integration approaches. We also highlight the need for intelligence in resources integration. Then, we discuss integration of sensing and communication (ISAC) and classify the integration approaches into various classes. Finally, we propose open challenges and present future research directions for beyond 5G networks, such as 6G.